Macedonian–English project management glossary

Acceptance criteria

Macedonian term wanted

The conditions a deliverable must meet before it is accepted.

Source[1]

Accountability

отчетност

Answering for the result — it can be assigned to one person and, unlike responsibility, cannot be delegated.

Source[3][4]

Activity

активност

A distinct, scheduled portion of work performed during the project.

Source[3][4][12]

Adaptation

прилагодување

also: адаптација

Adjusting the process or the product as soon as inspection shows it has drifted outside acceptable limits.

Source[2][12]

Adaptive approach

Macedonian term wanted

A development approach in which requirements evolve and the work is delivered in iterations. Agile is adaptive.

Source[1]

Agile

агилен

An approach to work that delivers in short cycles, welcomes changing requirements and adapts based on feedback.

Source[2]

Approval

одобрување

Formal acceptance of a plan, deliverable or change by whoever has the authority to give it.

Source[4][12]

Artifact

артефакт

A work product that carries information — in Scrum, the Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog and Increment.

Source[2][12]

Assumption

претпоставка

A factor considered true for planning purposes without proof; if it turns out false, the plan changes.

Source[3][4]

Audit

ревизија

An independent examination of whether project activities and records comply with the agreed rules.

Source[3][12]

Backlog

листа на планирани активности

An ordered list of everything that might be needed in the product, or the subset chosen for a sprint.

Source[2]

Baseline

основна линија

also: основа

The approved version of a plan (scope, schedule or cost) that actual performance is measured against.

Source[3][4][12]

Beneficiary

корисник

Those who benefit from the project, directly or in the longer term.

Source[3]

Benefit

придобивка

also: корист

A positive, measurable gain for the organisation or its stakeholders that the project is meant to produce.

Source[3][12]

Bottleneck

Macedonian term wanted

The step in a workflow whose limited capacity holds back everything after it.

Source[1]

Budget

буџет

The approved estimate for the project or any part of it.

Source[5][4][12]

Business case

Macedonian term wanted

A documented justification for a project, weighing its expected benefits against its cost.

Source[1]

Call for proposals

повик за доставување предлози

A public invitation to submit project proposals for funding.

Source[3]

Change control

контрола на промени

The process by which changes are identified, documented, approved or rejected.

Source[4]

Change management

управување со промени

Managing the effect of change on people, processes and the plan so the project keeps delivering.

Source[4][8]

Change request

Macedonian term wanted

A formal proposal to modify a document, deliverable or baseline.

Source[1]

Closing

затворање

Formally completing or ending a project, phase or contract.

Source[10][4][8]

Commitment

обврска

A formal promise — of funds, of a result, of a scope of work.

Source[2][3]

Communication plan

Macedonian term wanted

Who needs what information, when, in what form and from whom.

Source[1]

Constraint

ограничување

A limiting factor — time, budget, resources, regulation — that the project must work within.

Source[4][12]

Contingency plan

резервен план

A plan of actions to take only if a specific risk occurs.

Source[3]

Contingency reserve

резерва

Time or money set aside within the baseline for identified risks.

Source[4][12]

Contract

договор

A binding agreement that obliges the seller to deliver and the buyer to pay.

Source[3][12]

Contracting authority

нарачател

The body that runs the tender, awards and signs the contract.

Source[3]

Contractor

изведувач

The organisation or person awarded a contract to carry out the work.

Source[3]

Cost

трошок

also: трошоци

The money spent or committed to complete the work.

Source[3][12]

Cost-benefit analysis(CBA)

анализа на исплатливост на трошоците

A comparison of a project’s costs and benefits over time, with and without the project, to judge whether it pays off.

Source[3]

Crashing

Macedonian term wanted

Shortening the schedule by adding resources, at added cost.

Source[1]

Critical path

критичен пат

The longest sequence of dependent activities, which sets the shortest possible project duration.

Source[4][11][8]

Critical path method(CPM)

метод на критичен пат

A scheduling technique that calculates the earliest and latest dates for each activity to find the critical path.

Source[4]

Cross-functional

крос-функционалност

A team that has all the skills needed to create value each sprint, without depending on others.

Source[2]

Daily Scrum

Дневен Scrum

A 15-minute daily event for the Developers to inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal and adapt the plan.

Source[2]

Definition of Done(DoD)

Дефиниција за Завршено

The shared description of the quality a piece of work must reach before it counts as part of the increment.

Source[2]

Deliverable

испорака

also: резултат

Any unique, verifiable product, result or capability that must be produced to complete a process, phase or project.

Source[4]

Dependency

зависност

A logical relationship in which one activity cannot start or finish until another has.

Source[4][12]

Developers

Девелопери

In Scrum: the people committed to creating a usable increment each sprint, whatever their specialism.

Source[2]

Duration

времетраење

also: траење

The number of work periods needed to complete an activity.

Source[3][4][12]

Earned value(EV)

Macedonian term wanted

The value of the work actually completed, expressed in terms of the approved budget.

Source[1]

Earned value management(EVM)

Macedonian term wanted

A method that combines scope, schedule and cost measurements to assess project performance and forecast the outcome.

Source[1]

Effectiveness

ефективност

The extent to which the objectives were achieved.

Source[3]

Efficiency

ефикасност

How well inputs were turned into outputs — results relative to cost and time.

Source[3]

Empiricism

емпиризам

The principle that knowledge comes from experience and decisions are made on what is observed — the basis of Scrum.

Source[2]

Escalation

ескалација

Raising an issue or decision to a higher level of authority when it cannot be resolved at the current one.

Source[12]

Estimate

проценка

A quantified assessment of the likely cost, duration or resources for a piece of work.

Source[4][12]

Evaluation

евалуација

also: оценување

A periodic assessment of a project’s efficiency, effectiveness, impact, sustainability and relevance against its objectives.

Source[3][5][12]

Ex-post evaluation

екс пост евалуација

An evaluation carried out after the project has ended, to judge its actual results and impact.

Source[6]

Executing

извршување

Carrying out the work defined in the plan.

Source[10][8]

Fast tracking

Macedonian term wanted

Shortening the schedule by doing activities in parallel that would normally be done in sequence.

Source[1]

Feasibility study

физибилити-студија

A study, done before approval, that checks whether a proposed project is technically, financially and organisationally viable.

Source[3][6]

Float

Macedonian term wanted

How long an activity can be delayed without delaying the project finish (total float) or the next activity (free float). Also called slack.

Source[1]

Forecast

прогноза

An estimate of future conditions or results based on what is known today.

Source[12]

Gantt chart

Гантов дијаграм

also: гантограм; гант чарт

A bar chart of schedule information: activities down the side, dates across the top, durations as bars.

Source[3][9][4]

Governance

Macedonian term wanted

The framework of authority, decision rights and oversight within which a project is run.

Source[1]

Grant

грант/неповратна помош

A direct, non-commercial payment to finance an action, with no repayment expected.

Source[3]

Hybrid approach

Macedonian term wanted

A combination of predictive and adaptive elements chosen to fit the project.

Source[1]

Impact

влијание

The effect on objectives if a risk occurs; in evaluation, the long-term consequence of a project.

Source[3][7][12]

Implementation

спроведување

also: имплементација

Putting the plan into effect — the phase in which the project’s outputs are actually produced.

Source[6][3][4]

Inception report

почетен извештај

In EU-funded projects: the first report, at the end of the start-up period, which updates the design and sets the work plan.

Source[3]

Increment

Инкремент

also: Прираст

A concrete, usable step toward the Product Goal, added to all previous increments and verified against the Definition of Done.

Source[2]

Indicator

показател

A measurable variable used to show whether an objective is being reached.

Source[3][12]

Initiating

иницирање

The work done to define a new project or phase and obtain authorisation to start it.

Source[10][4][8]

Inspection

испитување

also: проверка; инспекција

Frequently and carefully examining the artifacts and progress to detect undesirable variances.

Source[2][12]

Issue

Macedonian term wanted

A current condition or situation that may affect the project objectives — a risk that has happened, or a problem being worked.

Source[1]

Iteration

Macedonian term wanted

A short, fixed period in which a usable piece of the product is produced. A sprint is an iteration.

Source[1]

Kanban

Macedonian term wanted

A method that visualises work on a board, limits work in progress and manages flow rather than fixed iterations.

Source[1]

Kick-off meeting

Macedonian term wanted

The meeting that marks the start of a project or phase, aligning the team and stakeholders on objectives, roles and plan.

Source[1]

Lean

Macedonian term wanted

A way of working that reduces waste and focuses on what creates value for the customer.

Source[1]

Lessons learned

Macedonian term wanted

Knowledge gained during a project about what worked and what did not, recorded so future projects benefit.

Source[1]

Logical framework(Logframe)

логичка рамка

also: логична рамка

A matrix summarising a project: objectives, results, activities, indicators, sources of verification and assumptions.

Source[3][5]

Logical framework approach(LFA)

приод на логичка рамка

The planning method behind the logframe: stakeholder, problem, objective and strategy analysis, then the matrix and schedules.

Source[3]

Milestone

одредница

also: главен настан; пресвртница

A significant point or event in the project, with no duration of its own.

Source[3][4][12]

Minimum viable product(MVP)

Macedonian term wanted

The smallest version of a product that delivers value and yields learning about what to build next.

Source[1]

Monitoring

следење

also: мониторинг

The systematic, continuous collection and use of information on progress for management and decisions.

Source[3][8][12]

Monitoring and controlling

мониторинг и контрола

Tracking, reviewing and regulating progress and performance, and managing changes to the plan.

Source[10][8]

Network diagram

мрежен дијаграм

A graphical representation of the logical relationships among the schedule activities.

Source[9][4][12]

Objective

цел

Something toward which work is directed — a result to be reached, a position to be attained.

Source[3][12]

Outcome

резултат

also: исход

The change that results from using the project’s outputs.

Source[3][12]

Output

излезни резултати

What the project directly produces — a partial or complete product of an activity.

Source[3]

Overall objective

општа цел

In the logical framework: the long-term benefit to society that the project contributes to but does not deliver alone.

Source[3]

Ownership

сопственост

The active involvement of the beneficiaries in a project so that its results are theirs to keep, not the donor’s.

Source[3]

Phase

фаза

A set of logically related project activities that ends with the completion of one or more deliverables.

Source[3][5][4]

Planning

планирање

Establishing the scope, refining the objectives and defining the course of action needed to reach them.

Source[10][4][8]

Portfolio

Macedonian term wanted

The collection of projects, programs and operations an organisation manages as a group to meet strategic objectives.

Source[1]

Predictive approach

Macedonian term wanted

A development approach in which scope, time and cost are set early and the work follows the plan. Also called waterfall.

Source[1]

Probability

веројатност

How likely a risk is to occur.

Source[7]

Procurement

набавка

also: набавки

Obtaining goods, services or works from outside the project team.

Source[3][7][12]

Product

производ

also: продукт

The tangible or intangible thing the work produces — an item, a service, a system.

Source[2][3]

Product backlog

Листа на планирани активности за Продуктот

The single, ordered list of work needed to improve the product; the one source of work for the Scrum Team.

Source[2]

Product goal

Цел на Продуктот

The future state of the product the Scrum Team is planning toward — the commitment attached to the Product Backlog.

Source[2]

Product owner

Сопственик на продуктот

The one person accountable for maximising the value of the product and for managing the Product Backlog.

Source[2]

Program

програма

A group of related projects managed together to obtain benefits that would not come from managing them separately.

Source[3][12]

Program evaluation and review technique(PERT)

PERT

An estimating technique that weights optimistic, most likely and pessimistic estimates for each activity.

Source[4]

Progress report

извештај за напредокот

A report on what has been done in a period, what is next and what is blocking.

Source[3]

Project

проект

A temporary piece of work with a defined start and end, undertaken to create a unique product, service or result.

Source[3][13][8]

Project charter

проектна повелба

The document that formally authorises a project and gives the project manager the authority to apply resources to it.

Source[10][12]

Project cycle

проектен циклус

In EU-funded work: the sequence from programming and identification through formulation, financing, implementation and evaluation.

Source[3][5]

Project cycle management(PCM)

управување со проектен циклус

also: раководење со проектен циклус

The EU methodology for preparing, implementing and evaluating projects along the project cycle, built on the logical framework.

Source[3][5]

Project life cycle

проектен животен циклус

also: животен циклус на проектот

The series of phases a project passes through from start to finish.

Source[4]

Project management

управување со проекти

also: проектен менаџмент; раководење со проекти

Applying knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project work so that it meets its requirements.

Source[4][8][12]

Project management office(PMO)

Macedonian term wanted

A unit that standardises project governance and shares methods, tools and resources across projects.

Source[1]

Project management plan

проект менаџмент план

also: проектен план

The document describing how the project will be executed, monitored and controlled — it brings the subsidiary plans together.

Source[4]

Project manager(PM)

проектен менаџер

also: раководител на проект

The person assigned to lead the team and be accountable for reaching the project objectives.

Source[3][4]

Project purpose

цел на проектот

In the logical framework: the central objective — the change for the target group that the project is directly responsible for.

Source[3]

Project team

проектен тим

The people who do the project work.

Source[9][4]

Prototype

прототип

An early working model built to test an idea before the real thing is made.

Source[12]

Quality

квалитет

The degree to which a deliverable meets its requirements.

Source[4][12]

Quality assurance(QA)

Macedonian term wanted

Making sure the processes used are the right ones and are being followed, so that quality is built in rather than inspected in.

Source[1]

Quality control(QC)

контрола на квалитет

Checking deliverables against requirements and recording the results.

Source[4]

Relevance

релевантност

Whether the project’s objectives match the real problems, needs and priorities.

Source[3]

Reporting

известување

Regularly informing stakeholders about progress, spending and risks.

Source[6][7]

Requirement

барање

A condition or capability that a product, service or result must satisfy.

Source[3][12]

Resource

ресурс

People, equipment, materials, money or facilities needed to do the work.

Source[3][4][12]

Resource leveling

Macedonian term wanted

Adjusting the schedule so that resource demand does not exceed what is available, usually by shifting activities.

Source[1]

Responsibility

одговорност

The duty to perform a piece of work.

Source[4][12]

Responsibility assignment matrix(RAM / RACI)

матрица за правила и одговорности

A grid showing which role is responsible, accountable, consulted and informed for each piece of work.

Source[4]

Result

резултат

In the logical framework: the tangible products or services delivered as a consequence of the activities.

Source[3][4]

Retrospective

ретроспектива

A regular meeting in which a team reflects on how it worked and agrees what to improve.

Source[2]

Risk

ризик

An uncertain event or condition that, if it occurs, has a positive or negative effect on one or more objectives.

Source[3][7][4][12]

Risk assessment

проценка на ризици

also: анализа на ризик

Estimating the probability and impact of each identified risk so they can be prioritised.

Source[6][4]

Risk management

управување со ризици

Identifying, analysing and responding to risk throughout the project.

Source[3][7][4]

Risk register

регистар на ризици

The document in which identified risks are recorded together with their analysis and planned responses.

Source[7]

Schedule

временски распоред

also: распоред

The planned dates for performing activities and meeting milestones.

Source[4][12]

Scope

опсег

also: обем; делокруг

The sum of the products, services and results a project will deliver — and, just as importantly, what it will not.

Source[4][10][12]

Scope creep

Macedonian term wanted

Uncontrolled growth of the scope without matching adjustments to time, cost and resources.

Source[1]

Scrum

Scrum

A lightweight framework for solving complex problems in fixed-length sprints with three roles, five events and three artifacts.

Source[2]

Scrum master

Scrum Мастер

The person accountable for making Scrum work — for the team, the Product Owner and the organisation.

Source[2]

Scrum team

Scrum Тим

A small, cross-functional, self-managing team: one Scrum Master, one Product Owner and the Developers.

Source[2]

Self-managing

само-управување

A team that decides internally who does what, when and how.

Source[2]

Sensitivity analysis

анализа на чувствителност

Testing how much a project’s outcome changes when key assumptions (cost, demand, timing) change.

Source[6]

Servant leadership

Macedonian term wanted

Leading by removing obstacles and serving the team’s needs rather than directing it.

Source[1]

Sources of verification

извори на верификација

In the logical framework: where and how the information for each indicator will be obtained.

Source[3]

Sponsor

спонзор

The person or group that provides resources and support for the project and is accountable for enabling its success.

Source[4]

Sprint

Спринт

A fixed-length event of one month or less in which the team turns a selection of backlog items into a usable increment.

Source[2]

Sprint backlog

Листа на планирани активности за Спринтот

The Sprint Goal, the Product Backlog items selected for the sprint, and the plan for delivering them.

Source[2]

Sprint goal

Цел на Спринтот

The single objective for the sprint — the commitment attached to the Sprint Backlog.

Source[2]

Sprint planning

Планирање на Спринтот

The event that opens a sprint: why it is valuable, what can be done, and how the work will get done.

Source[2]

Sprint retrospective

Ретроспектива на Спринтот

The event that closes a sprint: the team looks at how it worked and plans improvements.

Source[2]

Sprint review

Преглед на Спринтот

The event near the end of a sprint in which the team and stakeholders inspect the increment and adapt the Product Backlog.

Source[2]

Stakeholder

засегната страна

also: учесник; интересент

Anyone who can affect, be affected by, or believe themselves affected by the project.

Source[2][6][3][4][10]

Stakeholder analysis

анализа на учесниците

Systematically identifying stakeholders and their interests, influence and expectations.

Source[3]

Statement of work(SOW)

Macedonian term wanted

A narrative description of the products, services or results to be delivered, often attached to a contract.

Source[1]

Status report

извештај за проектен статус

A periodic report on where the project stands against its plan.

Source[4]

Steering committee

управен комитет

also: проектен одбор

A group of senior stakeholders that oversees the project, takes decisions above the project manager’s authority and resolves escalations.

Source[3]

Sustainability

одржливост

The likelihood that the project’s benefits continue after the project — and its funding — ends.

Source[3][5]

Tailoring

Macedonian term wanted

Deliberately choosing and adjusting processes, methods and artifacts to suit the specific project.

Source[1]

Target group

целна група

The group the project is meant to positively affect at the level of its purpose.

Source[3]

Task

задача

A unit of work; in many tools the smallest thing that gets assigned and tracked.

Source[3][12]

Tender

тендер

A formal offer to supply goods or services at an agreed price, made in response to an invitation.

Source[3]

Terms of reference(ToR)

опис на задачи

also: проектна задача

A document defining the tasks required of a contractor: background, objectives, activities, inputs, outputs, budget and timetable.

Source[3][4]

Timebox

временски ограничен

A fixed maximum length of time for an event or piece of work; when the time is up, it ends.

Source[2]

Transparency

транспарентност

Making the process and the work visible to everyone who needs to see it.

Source[2][3][12]

Triple constraint

Macedonian term wanted

The classic trade-off between scope, time and cost: changing one affects the others.

Source[1]

User story

Macedonian term wanted

A short, plain-language description of a feature from the user’s point of view: who wants it, what, and why.

Source[1]

Value

вредност

The worth, importance or usefulness of something — the reason the work is done at all.

Source[2][12]

Variance

Macedonian term wanted

A measurable departure from the baseline — in cost, schedule or scope.

Source[1]

Velocity

Macedonian term wanted

The amount of work a team completes per iteration, used to forecast how much it can take on next.

Source[1]

Work breakdown structure(WBS)

структура за поделба на работата

also: структура на поделба на проектната работа

A hierarchical breakdown of the total scope of work into smaller, manageable pieces.

Source[4]

Work package

работен пакет

The lowest level of the WBS — a piece of work for which cost and duration can be estimated and managed.

Source[4]

Work plan

план за работа

The schedule of activities and resources needed to reach the project’s results and purpose.

Source[3]

Workflow

тек на работа

also: работен тек

The sequence of steps a piece of work passes through from start to done.

Source[4][12]